This document outlines key topics in foot and ankle sports medicine, including acute injuries, overuse syndromes, nerve entrapments, biomechanics, surgical interventions, and rehabilitation strategies.

I. Acute Injuries

·        Lateral Ankle Sprains

·        High Ankle Sprains (Syndesmotic Injury)

·        Medial Ankle Sprain

·        Turf Toe (1st MTP Joint Sprain)

·        Lisfranc Injury

·        Midfoot Sprains

·        Metatarsal Fractures (Stress and Acute)

·        Jones Fracture (5th Metatarsal Base)

·        Toe Fractures and Dislocations

·        Calcaneal Fractures

·        Posterior Malleolus Fracture

·        Achilles Tendon Rupture

·        Peroneal Tendon Subluxation or Dislocation

II. Overuse Injuries

·        Plantar Fasciitis

·        Achilles Tendinopathy (Insertional or Midportion)

·        Posterior Tibial Tendon Dysfunction

·        Peroneal Tendinopathy

·        Tibialis Anterior Tendinitis

·        Flexor Hallucis Longus Tendinopathy

·        Shin Splints (Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome)

·        Stress Fractures (Navicular, Metatarsals, Tibia)

·        Retrocalcaneal Bursitis

·        Sesamoiditis

·        Sinus Tarsi Syndrome

III. Nerve Entrapment & Neurologic Syndromes

·        Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome

·        Baxter’s Nerve Entrapment

·        Common Peroneal Nerve Entrapment

·        Morton’s Neuroma

·        Neuropathic Pain from Overtraining or Trauma

IV. Biomechanics & Performance

·        Gait Analysis and Abnormal Mechanics

·        Pronation and Supination Imbalance

·        Leg Length Discrepancy in Runners

·        Orthotic Use in Athletic Performance

·        Footwear Analysis and Injury Prevention

·        Running Surface and Training Volume Effects

V. Surgical Topics in Sports Medicine

·        Minimally Invasive Repair of Achilles Rupture

·        Arthroscopic Ankle Stabilization

·        Endoscopic Plantar Fascia Release

·        Fixation Techniques for Lisfranc and Metatarsal Fractures

·        Ankle Ligament Reconstruction (Broström Procedure)

·        Excision of Os Trigonum or Accessory Navicular

VI. Rehabilitation & Return to Play

·        Functional Bracing and Taping Techniques

·        Sport-Specific Return-to-Play Protocols

·        Rehabilitation after Ankle Ligament Injury

·        Balance and Proprioceptive Training

·        Kinetic Chain Dysfunction and Injury Risk

·        Cryotherapy, Ultrasound, and Laser Therapy in Recovery